How do I cite multiple references at once?

Use commas for non-consecutive references [1], [3], [5] or an en-dash for ranges [1]–[5]. Do not space between the brackets.

Should I include DOIs in IEEE citations?

Yes, DOIs are recommended for electronic sources. Add at the end: "doi:10.xxxx/xxxxx" without a period at the very end of the citation.

How are author names formatted differently from APA?

IEEE places initials before surnames (J. Smith) while APA places surnames first (Smith, J.). IEEE does not use commas between initials and surnames.

IEEE Journal Article Citation Generator

Generate precise citations for engineering and technology journal articles. Our tool follows IEEE citation standards for technical and scientific publications.

Guideline Index / IEEE Format

01 / Author Format

Initials + Surname

List first initials followed by surname, e.g., "J. A. Smith." For 1-6 authors, list all. For 7+, use "et al." after the first author.

02 / Title Style

Quotation Marks

Article titles are enclosed in quotation marks. Journal names are italicized and abbreviated per standard abbreviations.

03 / Reference #

Bracket Number

Each reference begins with a number in square brackets, e.g., [1]. References are numbered in order of first citation in the text.

04 / Volume Info

Vol, No, Pages

Include volume (vol.), issue number (no.), and page range (pp.). Abbreviate as: vol. X, no. Y, pp. Z–W.

Live GeneratorFormat: IEEE Format

Database Connected

Common Formatting Pitfalls

Correct IEEE Implementation

[1] J. Salas and K. Gunther, "Genetic determinants of cardiovascular resilience," J. Med. Res., vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 112–118, 2023.

Annotation: Author initials precede surnames. Article title in quotation marks. Journal name italicized and abbreviated.

Incorrect (APA Hybrid Error)

Salas, J., & Gunther, K. (2023). Genetic Determinants of Cardiovascular Resilience. Journal of Medical Research, 45(2), 112-118.

Annotation: Incorrectly uses APA-style surname-first, ampersand, year in parentheses, and full journal name without abbreviation.

Other IEEE Source Types

Books Websites

Cross-Style Journal Formats

Journal Article in AMA

Medical association citation standard

Journal Article in ACS

Chemical society notation for research

Learn more about IEEE Citation Style →

Complete IEEE citation rules, formatting examples, and common mistakes.